2 thoughts on “What are the three treasures of the world -renowned museum ???”
Viola
The Musee Louvre
The Louvre is located in the north bank of the Senna River in the center of Paris. It is the heart of Paris. Its overall building is "U", covers an area of 24 hectares, and the building covers an area of 4.8 hectares, with a total length of 680 meters. It is one of the most famous and largest treasure troves in the world.
In Louvre was founded in the 13th century. It was the castle of the French royal family at that time. However, in 1546 architect Pierre Rice Ke was rebuilt under the commission of the king, so that the palace had the style of the Renaissance. Later, he also experienced many authorized expansion of the generation royal family, and passed the turmoil of the French Revolution. The overall construction of the Louvre of the Louvre was completed when Napoleon III.
Fromicine after the construction of an important library and famous for the construction of "Xianwang Charlie", the 16th century Francois I began to collect various artworks on a large scale. During the Louis 14, the collection of the Louvre was very fulfilling. On the eve of Louis XIV's death, the Louvre has become a place where various paintings and sculptures often exhibited.
On August 10, 1793, the Louvre Museum was officially opened to the public and became a museum. Since then, the collection here has continued to increase, let alone Napoleon's art tribute to those conquered countries. In short, the number of arts recorded in the museum collection catalog has reached 400,000 pieces, divided into many categories, from ancient Egypt, Greece, Etrus, Rome, to the artworks of Eastern countries; Middle -century to modern sculptures; there are also amazing quantities of royal Zhenpin and painting boutiques. So far, the Louvre has become the world's famous art hall.
The Louvre is a real maze, especially for a foreigner, it is very difficult to determine that it is determined in the palace. There are countless art treasures in this huge palace, including a large number of artworks from the East. Three of the most famous works are broken arm: "Venus", "Goddess of Victory" without heads, "Mona Lisa" who enters the Palace of Versailles will first see the copper of the Louis Xiye Malaysia. picture. A total of more than 500 small halls in the palace are decorated with oil paintings, murals, and sidelines. These paintings are all from the hands of famous artists. There is also a large number of sculptures in the palace, and its artistic atmosphere is not inferior to the Louvre.
It traffic: You can take the subway at Louvre and get off at Louvre.
Tickets: 40 francs, you can visit for free every Sunday or a teacher certificate every month. Entry on other Sundays or after 15:00 every day, you can also get a half -price discount. All tickets can be entered and exited many times on the same day.
In open hours: 9: 45-18: 00, every Tuesday and public holidays.
The British Museum
The Great British Museum is smaller than the New York Metropolitan Museum, but the exhibition area is also compared to the Forbidden City The museum is big. It turned out to be a private library donated. Montagogle Building, which purchased the current site in 1754, was first opened to the public in 1759. In 1823, the British King George IV built the current ancient Roman -style building on the base of the Monttar Building and donated many royal collections to become the British Museum today. The cultural relics collection of the British Museum can be described as a world historical museum. The precious cultural relics of Babylon, India, China and Greece, the birthplace of human civilization. Greek stone carvings, Indian gem rings, Babylon's silverware, and Chinese porcelain. There are also several ancient corpses in the morning of Malaysia's female corpses, but they are not British, but Egypt. More than a dozen mummy is only part of the collections. The British Museum's Egyptian cultural relic collection, especially the mummy collection, is the highest outside Egypt.
, especially the most precious cultural relics in Egypt, the stone monuments of ancient Egyptian pictographs and Greek are hidden in the British Museum 4000 years ago. This is the only one in the world, and it is a treasure of ancient Egyptian pictographs, which can be called the treasure of the town hall.
Since the British Museum was built earlier, its appearance and layout have become the standard model of the museum, and the latecomers compete for the imperative. Two parts of the exhibits are particularly attractive. One is the Chinese magnetic device. From the Tang Dynasty, from the Tang and Tang dynasties, to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the blue and white, Jun porcelain, Tang Sancai, and Jingtai Lan are arranged by the age and the place of origin. The Indian gem ring is also very eye -catching. Fiery red, sea blue, pomegranate red, emeralds have all kinds of colors. Diamond, spherical, ovate, and alien are different. It is really clever.
The British Museum is also famous for its library, because the origin of the British Museum is the private library donated by Sir Hans Son, and a large number of books were donated when King George IV rebuilt the new museum. This is the main place for Marx's immortal work- "Capital" to collect information and writing. Many visitors come to find the seats that Marx often sit in that year.
The Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of New York is the largest museum in the United States. It was built in 1880. 8 hectares, 1/9 of the Beijing Palace Museum, but the exhibition area is large, no less than 24 hectares, but twice the Palace Museum. There are more than 200 galleries, and there are 365,000 various cultural relics and artworks. The Metropolitan Museum in New York is based on the Central Park of New York. However, the creativity of Americans is not reflected in the building. High -level and corridor columns are as stereotyped and monotonous as any standard museum. However, the exhibition content is colorful, which reflects the American style with sufficient funds and great factions. The entire Egyptian tomb of 2460 years ago was moved in the giant glass hood in the hall specially built in the hall. The clothing hall is also the best in the world. It has collected 15,000 people in various ethnic groups of the five continents in the past four centuries.
The Suzhou gardens in our country were also imitated in the north hall of the main building of the museum. This may be a typical "cultural transplantation". In September 1981, it was built by Suzhou in Suzhou in my country. Mingxuan was very attractive to the audience. From time to time, the tourist asked: "Where is the Chinese Garden?" In order to avoid crowded, the special route is required to enter the garden, and the number of people controls by timing elevators. The eaves, carved beams, fish ponds, gazebo, indoor couplets, bottle, eight immortal tables, and Tai Shi chairs are all available. Some American tourists sitting in the gazebo closed their eyes and kept their eyes, like Chinese Mo Sao people, and even shook their heads and swayed their heads with "Chinese flavor", which was very ridiculous.
The United States, which is considered the most developed in science and technology, has a strong interest in ancient Chinese architectural art. Perhaps due to the short American history, the organizers of the museum are not satisfied with the display of single -piece exhibits, but make full use of their strong financial resources to create some different styles of environment to make people feel ancient. In addition to Mingxuan, it also arranged the indoor furnishings from the 14th to 18th centuries according to time with the country, France, and Spain. Although they are the same magnificent, French -style painting, British fireplace and Spanish -style furniture are carved with the brand of different times and different ethnic groups.
The Metropolitan Museum's exhibition is positive, but it is difficult to call the peak in art. The most obvious feature is that a considerable part of the artwork is a copy of the copy of the French sculptor Rodin. Americans' worship of French culture is unexpected. In the United States, someone said to me more than once, "You will speak French, you are a real senior intellectual."
n the museum of art
1000 fifth Avenue at 82nd Street
new york R n Web:
Themine Museum of Sengen Fort in Germany
Captured by the Sengen Burstone Natural Museum in Frankfurt is the largest natural museum in Germany and the world in the world One of the most famous first -class museums.
In 1763, the Morgan Foundation was established with the heritage of the famous doctors in Germany and Mr. Senggen, a big charitable family, to promote the development of science. In 1815, German's greatest poet and writer Goge returned to his birthplace Frankfuk to visit the Sengenburg Foundation and first proposed the initiative to create the Sengenburg Nature Association. On November 22, 1817, 17 free citizens of Frankfurt spontaneously formed a folk Morgan Fort Natural Research Association, which carried out various activities with private donations. In 1818, the association began to build a museum. Mr. Beatman donated 3,000 Gul Shield gold coins once this year, and donated a considerable amount of money to the association every year in the subsequent era. In 1883, Mr. Baosh donated up to 800,000 Mark's inheritance to the Sengenburg Natural Research Association for many years to obtain work protection. In addition, many people donated many rare and precious private collections as exhibits to the Morgan Castle Museum.
For more than 100 years after the founding, the staff of the Sengenburg Nature Research Association were voluntarily composed of. It was not until 1901 that one person began to get government allowances; by 1950, there were only 10 staff members who led government wages. The development of the Sengen Museum is inseparable from all these staff's dedication and selfless dedication to natural sciences. During the Second World War, Germany suffered severe trauma, and many cities were blown into ruins. More than 10 members of the Sengenburg Nature Research Association spontaneously hidden the collections of the museum. The collection was completely preserved to avoid being destroyed by the war.
The was founded only 17 members at the beginning of the founding association of the Sengenburg Nature Research Association. Now, the number of members has grown to 4,500. In addition, there are a large number of communication members and honorary members, including Goethe, Darwin, residential, Many world -renowned poets, scientists, and philosophers such as Vita, Hegel. The most proud of them is that the first academic report of Weigner's theory of mainland drift was written in the Morgan Snapenic Museum. The revolutionary role of mainland drifting theory on the geological academy has a profound impact as Einstein's theory of relativity in the physics community.
Themugenburg Natural Museum has millions of animal and plant specimens, paleontological fossil specimens, and mineral rock specimens collected from all over the world. Many collections are rare treasures. Among them, paleomantic exhibits are very rich, including various ancient fish, dinosaurs, fish dragons, pterosaurs, males and mammals. The display in the museum is also very particular. For example, the elephant exhibition hall, with the molar fossils of various ancient elephants, reflects the origin and evolution of the elephant, and then draws the statue classes based on the image fossils. The process chart of the development, distribution and evolution of the entire earth gives the audience an intuitive impression. Finally, the skeleton and the same size of the restoration model of the same size are displayed with the huge skeleton of modern whales. Various biology in the world of "all kinds of frost days compete for freedom".
Sergenburg Natural Museum not only has its own exhibition design and implementation, but also set up a special museum education plan. One of the required courses. Here, students not only visit, but also answer the various questions raised on the test papers as the performance assessment. With the statistics of 1989, the number of audiences visited by the Sengen Natural Museum in the past year reached 300,000, 45%of which were adults and 55%were primary and secondary school students. The Morgan Burgone Museum has become an enlightenment university of natural science.
The Austrian armor museum
Graz (Graz) is the second largest city of modern Austria, located on the border between Austria and Hungary. In the Middle Ages, the city was the middle frame, transfer station and border guards of Austria to south. Zeughaus in the urban area was a weapon for Austrian combat in the Middle Ages to fight the Turkish army in the Middle Ages. The building itself was built in 1642. It still has more than 30,000 armor and cold weapons, which is a museum with considerable medieval weapons and armor. This exhibition
45 pounds of steel mortar guns, white spherical objects in front of them are their artillery shells. The main purpose of this gun is to attack the castle and the temporary field of the field.
The first layer in the museum is mainly storage of all kinds of heavy firearms, black iron chest armor for some infantry, and armor for light cavalry. A large number of various types of muskets stored in this floor include fire rod guns, scoop guns, and wheels.
This gun guns appeared in Europe as early as the early 15th century. In the early days, it was a stone bullet. Later, the lead bomb or iron bomb of the launch of the graph was changed. Then use the fire rope to ignite the launch of the musket. The caliber of this musket is usually within 23 mm, weighs 8 to 10 kg, the projectile weighs about 9 grams, and the range is between 150 and 250 meters.
The hair guns did not begin to appear in the 17th century. Compared with the fire rod gun, the hairpin gun was lit with a vermiculite gun machine. The launch speed was faster, the caliber was small, the weight was light and the rear seat was small. 5.5 kg, the projectile weighs 32 grams, the fire sickle on the vermiculite gun is also the cover of the fire door. The bend of the butt is large, which is convenient for aiming and improving the shooting accuracy.
The armor display
The armor, light cavalry, and reinstallation of cavalry on the second and third layers. The armor is mainly composed of chest armor, helmet, leaf armor, gold armor, face armor, and neck armor. The chest armor can protect the soldiers' breasts and backs from being killed by cold weapons and firearms. It is composed of chest boards and back plates. The chest armor sometimes has suppressed patterns or inlaid with ornaments, but usually only the class of officers and nobles has privileges to carve patted patterns on the chest armor, and the patterns and ornaments are dependent on the class. The weight of the chest armor is between 6 and 10 kg and 1 to 3 mm thick.
The cold weapon display
The fourth layer is mainly to store cold weapons. Except for some of the cold weapons from the warfare left on the battlefield in the previous battles, the rest They are all cold weapons from Austria.
The cold weapons are generally simple, usually used in white blade battles. According to the characteristics of its use, it can be divided into strike weapons, such as wolf tooth rods, meteor hammer; assassination weapons, such as swords, spears, long guns, bayonets, etc.; Slap or split weapons such as military knives, halberds, horses, etc.
The Vatican Museum
The site of the Vatican Museum is the earliest in the world museum, and at the end of the 5th century AD. In the 16th century, it was expanded at the same time as the Cathedral of St. Peter, with a total area of 5.5 hectares. It is 1/13 of the Palace Museum. The exhibition area is similar to the Forbidden City. It is divided into 12 museums and 5 art galleries, including roof gardens. The Vatican Museum is a European court -style building. It is connected to one, ten % off, and unpredictable. Landing on the ground, the lighting is very good. Although the continuous painting and the paint wall are extremely rich and powerful, it gives people a sense of sullenness. The Vatican Museum is divided into A, B, C, and D like the Forbidden City. The veins are clear and are very convenient for beginners. The roof garden is a must -have in the Vatican Museum. Not only does it occupy a large area, but also flowers like flowers, sweeping the dull atmosphere of the museum. If you are tired, you can go up to the open and spacious roof garden.
It's collection of treasures, the Vatican Museum can be described as colorful. The Roman Holy See uses the Catholic Church of the world to collect treasures from all over the place. It is: The Holy See is more interested in cultural relics but treasures. The Vatican Museum in Rome was deeply affected by the ancient Roman art tradition, and the collection of sculptures was a must. The character sculptures are lifelike and different. Before the era without human anatomy, the artist's hand not only gave the cold marble human figure, but also gave it the feelings and power of life, and the thoughts that were unpredictable. There is another room in the museum, which concentrates the stone carvings of dozens of animals such as lions, tigers, elephants, and snakes, like a stone zoo, which has a flavor.
The small church and Raphael Studio are the treasures of the Town Pavilion of the Vatican Museum. During the three major paintings of the Renaissance, the two saints of the art of Michelangelo and Raphael contributed to the Vatican Museum in the past 10 years. It's right. Among them, the world -famous painting "Genesis" and the huge mural "The Last Judgment" in the Sistine Church are based on the theme of religious stories, from the hand of a generation of giant Michelangelo. Raphael made a mural for the Vatican for 10 years in 1508 to 1518, and established his studio, which is always called "Establishing and Consolidation of Education". The "Athens College" by Plato and Big mathematician Ou Jili is the best.
This is that the topic of Raphael's group painting is "Establishing and Consolidation of Education", but he expresses the content and method of reviving the ancient Greek art, showing the science and allowance of the ancient Greeks. The spirit of all the flowers published by different opinions, but it is the biggest irony to destroy the right to teach. It seems that the direction of advanced science and culture is difficult to stop any power. It stipulates the creative topic of promoting teaching power, but it cannot restrict its expression methods. Evergreen laughing handle.
The sculptures of Rome and Vatican have been amazing, and in Florence, they had to "sigh" again. Is the Roman sculpture "the most", or is it "the best" in Florence? Is Michelangelo's sculpture "the most"? Or is Pipowdi's sculpture "the most"?
The Palace Museum (The Palace Museum)
The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing City. It was established on October 10, 1925. museum.
The for the Forbidden City was built in the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420) in the Ming Yongle, covering an area of 720,000 square meters, a building area of 160,000 square meters, and there are more than 9,000 palace buildings. Complete ancient palace building complex. With Qianqingmen Square as the boundary, divided into two parts: the front dynasty and the back bed: the front dynasty Ether Hall, Zhonghe Temple, Baohe Hall as the center, and the left and right are supplemented by the Wenhua Hall and Wuying Hall. The place is centered on the Qianqing Palace, the Kunning Palace, and the Jiaotai Palace, and the left and right are supplemented by the East and West Palace. It is a place where the emperor and the concubine live and the emperor handle daily government affairs.
The Ming and Qing dynasties have a total of 24 generations of emperors living and exercising the country's highest dominance here. In 1961, it was announced by the State Council as the first batch of "national key cultural relics protection units". In 1987, it was included in the "World Heritage List" by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
The Palace Museum was established on the basis of the two generations of the Ming and Qing dynasties and its collection. It is a comprehensive national museum with the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, palace architecture and ancient art. There are nearly one million collected cultural relics, mostly for art treasures. The Forbidden City exhibitions include the "History of the Palace" and the "Explanation of the Arts of the past".
The former is the original display of courts such as Taihe Hall, Zhonghe Hall, Baohe Hall, Qianqing Palace, Yuhuang Palace, West Road, and Chu Xiu Palace. The palaces of the palace and the winter road hall, such as the ceramics museum, the bronze hall, the painting museum, etc., showing the splendid ancient civilization in my country. The ceramic museum is "displayed in the history of ceramics", exhibiting more than 400 ceramic boutiques in each era. The bronze wares exhibit the representative utensils of the commercial, Zhou, Spring and Autumn, and the Warring States Period, reflecting the basic appearance of my country's bronze culture. The Painting Museum is mainly based on special exhibitions, and take turns to exhibit boutiques for painting.
Themitage museum (Hermitage Museum)
Winter palace is a well -known Russian palace and one of the oldest and oldest museums in the world. The palace was designed by the famous architect Lasterely. Just like other famous palaces in human history, the palace has been caught since its completion. The winter palace was built between 1754 and 1762. It was burned by a fire in 1837, rebuilt from 1838 to 1839. It was destroyed again during World War II and was carefully repaired after the war. There are three floors in the palace, about 230 meters long, 140 meters wide, and 22 meters high. It is a closed rectangular shape, covering an area of 90,000 square meters, and the building area exceeds 46,000 square meters. The four sides of the Winter Palace have their own characteristics, but the internal design and decorative style are strictly unified. There are internal courtyards in the four -corner building palace. The three directions are facing the Palace Square, the Navy Headquarters, and the Neva River.
This facing the Winter Palace Square, the center is slightly prominent, there are three arched iron doors, and the Atlas giant god group is at the entrance. There are two rows of colonnade around the winter palace, majestic. The palace decoration is gorgeous. Many halls are decorated with Russian gems -malachite, jasper, and agate products. For example, the peacock hall uses 2 tons of peacock stone, and 9 precious heavy woods are used for spelling. Elmita is the largest and most distinctive Baroque -style building in St. Petersburg. Its integrity and gorgeousness are impressive and rich in decoration. Frames and relief decorations are powerful, and cylinders are arranged regularly. The surface of the wall is matched with white and green. stand up. Before February 1917, the Winter Palace was always the Tsar's palace, and was later occupied by the bourgeois temporary government. On November 7, 1917 (October 25, the Russian calendar), the uprising crowd captured the Winter Palace. After the October Revolution, the original official court house and the entire Winter Palace were allocated to El Mitash. In 1922, the National Elmatash Museum was officially established. The Winter Palace became part of the museum. The surface of the winter palace was painted in the original sapphire color in 1946.
The National Elmatash Museum (Winter Palace) is one of the four major museums in the world. It is on the name of the Louvre in Paris, the British Museum in London, and the Metropolitan Museum of New York. The museum was the first private museum of the Queen of Yakartina II. In 1764, Yakartina II purchased 250 paintings from Relly, Rubens and others from Berlin, which was stored in Elmita (French, meaning "Hidden Palace") in the Winter Palace. This is named.
The museums include five buildings: Winter Palace, El Mitash, Old El Mitash, Elmatash Theater, and New El Mitash. At present, the museum is divided into eight parts: the Ministry of Culture, the ancient Greek, the Roman Ministry, the Ministry of Eastern and Culture, the Ministry of Culture History of the Russian Culture, the Ministry of Ancient Coin, the Ministry of Western European Arts, and the Ministry of Science and Education and the Ministry of Repair Department of the Works of Tour Guide. There are more than 2.7 million collections in the eight ministries, including prehistoric culture and Egyptian art collections, as well as oil paintings and sculptures of Italy, Spain, Germany, Britain, Russia, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France.
of which 15,000 paintings, 12,000 sculptures, 600,000 lines of paintings, 1 million coins and certificates, 224,000 ancient furniture, porcelain, gold and silver products, gems and ivory crafts Wait. These crafts are displayed in more than 350 exhibition halls, such as Picasso's three -dimensional painting hall, meaning, French painter exhibition hall, Russian clothing exhibition hall, etc. All the exhibition halls have their own characteristics. The most noticeable of which is the exhibition hall of the Peter Emperor. Here are a large number of Peter emperors during their lifetime supplies, and many of them are made by himself. In a glass cabinet in the exhibition hall, there was a sitting image of Peter Emperor, and his hair was the true hair of Peter's emperor himself. There is a wooden pole next to the portrait, and there is a line engraved by more than two meters above the wooden pole to show that Peter's height is more than two meters tall. Like the Chinese Forbidden City, the collection of the museum is extremely rich, so if the visitors want to travel through all the exhibition halls, I am afraid that it will not be enough to spend a month.
The Musee Louvre
The Louvre is located in the north bank of the Senna River in the center of Paris. It is the heart of Paris. Its overall building is "U", covers an area of 24 hectares, and the building covers an area of 4.8 hectares, with a total length of 680 meters. It is one of the most famous and largest treasure troves in the world.
In Louvre was founded in the 13th century. It was the castle of the French royal family at that time. However, in 1546 architect Pierre Rice Ke was rebuilt under the commission of the king, so that the palace had the style of the Renaissance. Later, he also experienced many authorized expansion of the generation royal family, and passed the turmoil of the French Revolution. The overall construction of the Louvre of the Louvre was completed when Napoleon III.
Fromicine after the construction of an important library and famous for the construction of "Xianwang Charlie", the 16th century Francois I began to collect various artworks on a large scale. During the Louis 14, the collection of the Louvre was very fulfilling. On the eve of Louis XIV's death, the Louvre has become a place where various paintings and sculptures often exhibited.
On August 10, 1793, the Louvre Museum was officially opened to the public and became a museum. Since then, the collection here has continued to increase, let alone Napoleon's art tribute to those conquered countries. In short, the number of arts recorded in the museum collection catalog has reached 400,000 pieces, divided into many categories, from ancient Egypt, Greece, Etrus, Rome, to the artworks of Eastern countries; Middle -century to modern sculptures; there are also amazing quantities of royal Zhenpin and painting boutiques. So far, the Louvre has become the world's famous art hall.
The Louvre is a real maze, especially for a foreigner, it is very difficult to determine that it is determined in the palace. There are countless art treasures in this huge palace, including a large number of artworks from the East. Three of the most famous works are broken arm: "Venus", "Goddess of Victory" without heads, "Mona Lisa" who enters the Palace of Versailles will first see the copper of the Louis Xiye Malaysia. picture. A total of more than 500 small halls in the palace are decorated with oil paintings, murals, and sidelines. These paintings are all from the hands of famous artists. There is also a large number of sculptures in the palace, and its artistic atmosphere is not inferior to the Louvre.
It traffic: You can take the subway at Louvre and get off at Louvre.
Tickets: 40 francs, you can visit for free every Sunday or a teacher certificate every month. Entry on other Sundays or after 15:00 every day, you can also get a half -price discount. All tickets can be entered and exited many times on the same day.
In open hours: 9: 45-18: 00, every Tuesday and public holidays.
The British Museum
The Great British Museum is smaller than the New York Metropolitan Museum, but the exhibition area is also compared to the Forbidden City The museum is big. It turned out to be a private library donated. Montagogle Building, which purchased the current site in 1754, was first opened to the public in 1759. In 1823, the British King George IV built the current ancient Roman -style building on the base of the Monttar Building and donated many royal collections to become the British Museum today.
The cultural relics collection of the British Museum can be described as a world historical museum. The precious cultural relics of Babylon, India, China and Greece, the birthplace of human civilization. Greek stone carvings, Indian gem rings, Babylon's silverware, and Chinese porcelain. There are also several ancient corpses in the morning of Malaysia's female corpses, but they are not British, but Egypt. More than a dozen mummy is only part of the collections. The British Museum's Egyptian cultural relic collection, especially the mummy collection, is the highest outside Egypt.
, especially the most precious cultural relics in Egypt, the stone monuments of ancient Egyptian pictographs and Greek are hidden in the British Museum 4000 years ago. This is the only one in the world, and it is a treasure of ancient Egyptian pictographs, which can be called the treasure of the town hall.
Since the British Museum was built earlier, its appearance and layout have become the standard model of the museum, and the latecomers compete for the imperative. Two parts of the exhibits are particularly attractive. One is the Chinese magnetic device. From the Tang Dynasty, from the Tang and Tang dynasties, to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the blue and white, Jun porcelain, Tang Sancai, and Jingtai Lan are arranged by the age and the place of origin. The Indian gem ring is also very eye -catching. Fiery red, sea blue, pomegranate red, emeralds have all kinds of colors. Diamond, spherical, ovate, and alien are different. It is really clever.
The British Museum is also famous for its library, because the origin of the British Museum is the private library donated by Sir Hans Son, and a large number of books were donated when King George IV rebuilt the new museum. This is the main place for Marx's immortal work- "Capital" to collect information and writing. Many visitors come to find the seats that Marx often sit in that year.
The Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of New York is the largest museum in the United States. It was built in 1880. 8 hectares, 1/9 of the Beijing Palace Museum, but the exhibition area is large, no less than 24 hectares, but twice the Palace Museum. There are more than 200 galleries, and there are 365,000 various cultural relics and artworks.
The Metropolitan Museum in New York is based on the Central Park of New York. However, the creativity of Americans is not reflected in the building. High -level and corridor columns are as stereotyped and monotonous as any standard museum. However, the exhibition content is colorful, which reflects the American style with sufficient funds and great factions. The entire Egyptian tomb of 2460 years ago was moved in the giant glass hood in the hall specially built in the hall. The clothing hall is also the best in the world. It has collected 15,000 people in various ethnic groups of the five continents in the past four centuries.
The Suzhou gardens in our country were also imitated in the north hall of the main building of the museum. This may be a typical "cultural transplantation". In September 1981, it was built by Suzhou in Suzhou in my country. Mingxuan was very attractive to the audience. From time to time, the tourist asked: "Where is the Chinese Garden?" In order to avoid crowded, the special route is required to enter the garden, and the number of people controls by timing elevators. The eaves, carved beams, fish ponds, gazebo, indoor couplets, bottle, eight immortal tables, and Tai Shi chairs are all available. Some American tourists sitting in the gazebo closed their eyes and kept their eyes, like Chinese Mo Sao people, and even shook their heads and swayed their heads with "Chinese flavor", which was very ridiculous.
The United States, which is considered the most developed in science and technology, has a strong interest in ancient Chinese architectural art. Perhaps due to the short American history, the organizers of the museum are not satisfied with the display of single -piece exhibits, but make full use of their strong financial resources to create some different styles of environment to make people feel ancient. In addition to Mingxuan, it also arranged the indoor furnishings from the 14th to 18th centuries according to time with the country, France, and Spain. Although they are the same magnificent, French -style painting, British fireplace and Spanish -style furniture are carved with the brand of different times and different ethnic groups.
The Metropolitan Museum's exhibition is positive, but it is difficult to call the peak in art. The most obvious feature is that a considerable part of the artwork is a copy of the copy of the French sculptor Rodin. Americans' worship of French culture is unexpected. In the United States, someone said to me more than once, "You will speak French, you are a real senior intellectual."
n
the museum of art
1000 fifth Avenue at 82nd Street
new york R n
Web:
Themine Museum of Sengen Fort in Germany
Captured by the Sengen Burstone Natural Museum in Frankfurt is the largest natural museum in Germany and the world in the world One of the most famous first -class museums.
In 1763, the Morgan Foundation was established with the heritage of the famous doctors in Germany and Mr. Senggen, a big charitable family, to promote the development of science. In 1815, German's greatest poet and writer Goge returned to his birthplace Frankfuk to visit the Sengenburg Foundation and first proposed the initiative to create the Sengenburg Nature Association. On November 22, 1817, 17 free citizens of Frankfurt spontaneously formed a folk Morgan Fort Natural Research Association, which carried out various activities with private donations. In 1818, the association began to build a museum. Mr. Beatman donated 3,000 Gul Shield gold coins once this year, and donated a considerable amount of money to the association every year in the subsequent era. In 1883, Mr. Baosh donated up to 800,000 Mark's inheritance to the Sengenburg Natural Research Association for many years to obtain work protection. In addition, many people donated many rare and precious private collections as exhibits to the Morgan Castle Museum.
For more than 100 years after the founding, the staff of the Sengenburg Nature Research Association were voluntarily composed of. It was not until 1901 that one person began to get government allowances; by 1950, there were only 10 staff members who led government wages. The development of the Sengen Museum is inseparable from all these staff's dedication and selfless dedication to natural sciences. During the Second World War, Germany suffered severe trauma, and many cities were blown into ruins. More than 10 members of the Sengenburg Nature Research Association spontaneously hidden the collections of the museum. The collection was completely preserved to avoid being destroyed by the war.
The was founded only 17 members at the beginning of the founding association of the Sengenburg Nature Research Association. Now, the number of members has grown to 4,500. In addition, there are a large number of communication members and honorary members, including Goethe, Darwin, residential, Many world -renowned poets, scientists, and philosophers such as Vita, Hegel. The most proud of them is that the first academic report of Weigner's theory of mainland drift was written in the Morgan Snapenic Museum. The revolutionary role of mainland drifting theory on the geological academy has a profound impact as Einstein's theory of relativity in the physics community.
Themugenburg Natural Museum has millions of animal and plant specimens, paleontological fossil specimens, and mineral rock specimens collected from all over the world. Many collections are rare treasures. Among them, paleomantic exhibits are very rich, including various ancient fish, dinosaurs, fish dragons, pterosaurs, males and mammals. The display in the museum is also very particular. For example, the elephant exhibition hall, with the molar fossils of various ancient elephants, reflects the origin and evolution of the elephant, and then draws the statue classes based on the image fossils. The process chart of the development, distribution and evolution of the entire earth gives the audience an intuitive impression. Finally, the skeleton and the same size of the restoration model of the same size are displayed with the huge skeleton of modern whales. Various biology in the world of "all kinds of frost days compete for freedom".
Sergenburg Natural Museum not only has its own exhibition design and implementation, but also set up a special museum education plan. One of the required courses. Here, students not only visit, but also answer the various questions raised on the test papers as the performance assessment. With the statistics of 1989, the number of audiences visited by the Sengen Natural Museum in the past year reached 300,000, 45%of which were adults and 55%were primary and secondary school students. The Morgan Burgone Museum has become an enlightenment university of natural science.
The Austrian armor museum
Graz (Graz) is the second largest city of modern Austria, located on the border between Austria and Hungary. In the Middle Ages, the city was the middle frame, transfer station and border guards of Austria to south. Zeughaus in the urban area was a weapon for Austrian combat in the Middle Ages to fight the Turkish army in the Middle Ages. The building itself was built in 1642. It still has more than 30,000 armor and cold weapons, which is a museum with considerable medieval weapons and armor.
This exhibition
45 pounds of steel mortar guns, white spherical objects in front of them are their artillery shells. The main purpose of this gun is to attack the castle and the temporary field of the field.
The first layer in the museum is mainly storage of all kinds of heavy firearms, black iron chest armor for some infantry, and armor for light cavalry. A large number of various types of muskets stored in this floor include fire rod guns, scoop guns, and wheels.
This gun guns appeared in Europe as early as the early 15th century. In the early days, it was a stone bullet. Later, the lead bomb or iron bomb of the launch of the graph was changed. Then use the fire rope to ignite the launch of the musket. The caliber of this musket is usually within 23 mm, weighs 8 to 10 kg, the projectile weighs about 9 grams, and the range is between 150 and 250 meters.
The hair guns did not begin to appear in the 17th century. Compared with the fire rod gun, the hairpin gun was lit with a vermiculite gun machine. The launch speed was faster, the caliber was small, the weight was light and the rear seat was small. 5.5 kg, the projectile weighs 32 grams, the fire sickle on the vermiculite gun is also the cover of the fire door. The bend of the butt is large, which is convenient for aiming and improving the shooting accuracy.
The armor display
The armor, light cavalry, and reinstallation of cavalry on the second and third layers. The armor is mainly composed of chest armor, helmet, leaf armor, gold armor, face armor, and neck armor. The chest armor can protect the soldiers' breasts and backs from being killed by cold weapons and firearms. It is composed of chest boards and back plates. The chest armor sometimes has suppressed patterns or inlaid with ornaments, but usually only the class of officers and nobles has privileges to carve patted patterns on the chest armor, and the patterns and ornaments are dependent on the class. The weight of the chest armor is between 6 and 10 kg and 1 to 3 mm thick.
The cold weapon display
The fourth layer is mainly to store cold weapons. Except for some of the cold weapons from the warfare left on the battlefield in the previous battles, the rest They are all cold weapons from Austria.
The cold weapons are generally simple, usually used in white blade battles. According to the characteristics of its use, it can be divided into strike weapons, such as wolf tooth rods, meteor hammer; assassination weapons, such as swords, spears, long guns, bayonets, etc.; Slap or split weapons such as military knives, halberds, horses, etc.
The Vatican Museum
The site of the Vatican Museum is the earliest in the world museum, and at the end of the 5th century AD. In the 16th century, it was expanded at the same time as the Cathedral of St. Peter, with a total area of 5.5 hectares. It is 1/13 of the Palace Museum. The exhibition area is similar to the Forbidden City. It is divided into 12 museums and 5 art galleries, including roof gardens. The Vatican Museum is a European court -style building. It is connected to one, ten % off, and unpredictable. Landing on the ground, the lighting is very good. Although the continuous painting and the paint wall are extremely rich and powerful, it gives people a sense of sullenness. The Vatican Museum is divided into A, B, C, and D like the Forbidden City. The veins are clear and are very convenient for beginners. The roof garden is a must -have in the Vatican Museum. Not only does it occupy a large area, but also flowers like flowers, sweeping the dull atmosphere of the museum. If you are tired, you can go up to the open and spacious roof garden.
It's collection of treasures, the Vatican Museum can be described as colorful. The Roman Holy See uses the Catholic Church of the world to collect treasures from all over the place. It is: The Holy See is more interested in cultural relics but treasures. The Vatican Museum in Rome was deeply affected by the ancient Roman art tradition, and the collection of sculptures was a must. The character sculptures are lifelike and different. Before the era without human anatomy, the artist's hand not only gave the cold marble human figure, but also gave it the feelings and power of life, and the thoughts that were unpredictable. There is another room in the museum, which concentrates the stone carvings of dozens of animals such as lions, tigers, elephants, and snakes, like a stone zoo, which has a flavor.
The small church and Raphael Studio are the treasures of the Town Pavilion of the Vatican Museum. During the three major paintings of the Renaissance, the two saints of the art of Michelangelo and Raphael contributed to the Vatican Museum in the past 10 years. It's right. Among them, the world -famous painting "Genesis" and the huge mural "The Last Judgment" in the Sistine Church are based on the theme of religious stories, from the hand of a generation of giant Michelangelo. Raphael made a mural for the Vatican for 10 years in 1508 to 1518, and established his studio, which is always called "Establishing and Consolidation of Education". The "Athens College" by Plato and Big mathematician Ou Jili is the best.
This is that the topic of Raphael's group painting is "Establishing and Consolidation of Education", but he expresses the content and method of reviving the ancient Greek art, showing the science and allowance of the ancient Greeks. The spirit of all the flowers published by different opinions, but it is the biggest irony to destroy the right to teach. It seems that the direction of advanced science and culture is difficult to stop any power. It stipulates the creative topic of promoting teaching power, but it cannot restrict its expression methods. Evergreen laughing handle.
The sculptures of Rome and Vatican have been amazing, and in Florence, they had to "sigh" again. Is the Roman sculpture "the most", or is it "the best" in Florence? Is Michelangelo's sculpture "the most"? Or is Pipowdi's sculpture "the most"?
The Palace Museum (The Palace Museum)
The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing City. It was established on October 10, 1925. museum.
The for the Forbidden City was built in the eighteenth year of Yongle (1420) in the Ming Yongle, covering an area of 720,000 square meters, a building area of 160,000 square meters, and there are more than 9,000 palace buildings. Complete ancient palace building complex. With Qianqingmen Square as the boundary, divided into two parts: the front dynasty and the back bed: the front dynasty Ether Hall, Zhonghe Temple, Baohe Hall as the center, and the left and right are supplemented by the Wenhua Hall and Wuying Hall. The place is centered on the Qianqing Palace, the Kunning Palace, and the Jiaotai Palace, and the left and right are supplemented by the East and West Palace. It is a place where the emperor and the concubine live and the emperor handle daily government affairs.
The Ming and Qing dynasties have a total of 24 generations of emperors living and exercising the country's highest dominance here. In 1961, it was announced by the State Council as the first batch of "national key cultural relics protection units". In 1987, it was included in the "World Heritage List" by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee.
The Palace Museum was established on the basis of the two generations of the Ming and Qing dynasties and its collection. It is a comprehensive national museum with the history of the Ming and Qing dynasties, palace architecture and ancient art. There are nearly one million collected cultural relics, mostly for art treasures. The Forbidden City exhibitions include the "History of the Palace" and the "Explanation of the Arts of the past".
The former is the original display of courts such as Taihe Hall, Zhonghe Hall, Baohe Hall, Qianqing Palace, Yuhuang Palace, West Road, and Chu Xiu Palace. The palaces of the palace and the winter road hall, such as the ceramics museum, the bronze hall, the painting museum, etc., showing the splendid ancient civilization in my country. The ceramic museum is "displayed in the history of ceramics", exhibiting more than 400 ceramic boutiques in each era. The bronze wares exhibit the representative utensils of the commercial, Zhou, Spring and Autumn, and the Warring States Period, reflecting the basic appearance of my country's bronze culture. The Painting Museum is mainly based on special exhibitions, and take turns to exhibit boutiques for painting.
Themitage museum (Hermitage Museum)
Winter palace is a well -known Russian palace and one of the oldest and oldest museums in the world. The palace was designed by the famous architect Lasterely. Just like other famous palaces in human history, the palace has been caught since its completion. The winter palace was built between 1754 and 1762. It was burned by a fire in 1837, rebuilt from 1838 to 1839. It was destroyed again during World War II and was carefully repaired after the war. There are three floors in the palace, about 230 meters long, 140 meters wide, and 22 meters high. It is a closed rectangular shape, covering an area of 90,000 square meters, and the building area exceeds 46,000 square meters. The four sides of the Winter Palace have their own characteristics, but the internal design and decorative style are strictly unified. There are internal courtyards in the four -corner building palace. The three directions are facing the Palace Square, the Navy Headquarters, and the Neva River.
This facing the Winter Palace Square, the center is slightly prominent, there are three arched iron doors, and the Atlas giant god group is at the entrance. There are two rows of colonnade around the winter palace, majestic. The palace decoration is gorgeous. Many halls are decorated with Russian gems -malachite, jasper, and agate products. For example, the peacock hall uses 2 tons of peacock stone, and 9 precious heavy woods are used for spelling. Elmita is the largest and most distinctive Baroque -style building in St. Petersburg. Its integrity and gorgeousness are impressive and rich in decoration. Frames and relief decorations are powerful, and cylinders are arranged regularly. The surface of the wall is matched with white and green. stand up. Before February 1917, the Winter Palace was always the Tsar's palace, and was later occupied by the bourgeois temporary government. On November 7, 1917 (October 25, the Russian calendar), the uprising crowd captured the Winter Palace. After the October Revolution, the original official court house and the entire Winter Palace were allocated to El Mitash. In 1922, the National Elmatash Museum was officially established. The Winter Palace became part of the museum. The surface of the winter palace was painted in the original sapphire color in 1946.
The National Elmatash Museum (Winter Palace) is one of the four major museums in the world. It is on the name of the Louvre in Paris, the British Museum in London, and the Metropolitan Museum of New York. The museum was the first private museum of the Queen of Yakartina II. In 1764, Yakartina II purchased 250 paintings from Relly, Rubens and others from Berlin, which was stored in Elmita (French, meaning "Hidden Palace") in the Winter Palace. This is named.
The museums include five buildings: Winter Palace, El Mitash, Old El Mitash, Elmatash Theater, and New El Mitash. At present, the museum is divided into eight parts: the Ministry of Culture, the ancient Greek, the Roman Ministry, the Ministry of Eastern and Culture, the Ministry of Culture History of the Russian Culture, the Ministry of Ancient Coin, the Ministry of Western European Arts, and the Ministry of Science and Education and the Ministry of Repair Department of the Works of Tour Guide. There are more than 2.7 million collections in the eight ministries, including prehistoric culture and Egyptian art collections, as well as oil paintings and sculptures of Italy, Spain, Germany, Britain, Russia, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France.
of which 15,000 paintings, 12,000 sculptures, 600,000 lines of paintings, 1 million coins and certificates, 224,000 ancient furniture, porcelain, gold and silver products, gems and ivory crafts Wait. These crafts are displayed in more than 350 exhibition halls, such as Picasso's three -dimensional painting hall, meaning, French painter exhibition hall, Russian clothing exhibition hall, etc. All the exhibition halls have their own characteristics. The most noticeable of which is the exhibition hall of the Peter Emperor. Here are a large number of Peter emperors during their lifetime supplies, and many of them are made by himself. In a glass cabinet in the exhibition hall, there was a sitting image of Peter Emperor, and his hair was the true hair of Peter's emperor himself. There is a wooden pole next to the portrait, and there is a line engraved by more than two meters above the wooden pole to show that Peter's height is more than two meters tall. Like the Chinese Forbidden City, the collection of the museum is extremely rich, so if the visitors want to travel through all the exhibition halls, I am afraid that it will not be enough to spend a month.
Which museum?