What is the relationship between the clothing of Yunnan Dai people and the environment

The Dai people mainly live in more than 30 counties and cities in Xishuangbanna and Dai Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan Province, Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture and Gengma, Menglian and Xinping, Yuanjiang, and Jinping. The Dai men's clothing is basically the same in various places. Most of the white cloth or green cloth, there are no collar or big shirts, with long trousers, red, white cloth or blue cloth entangled, some wearing woolen hats, heaven, heaven, heaven In the cold, we like the blanket, and the four seasons are often barefoot. In the past, men in the Dai people had tattoo customs, and text symbols in chest, back, abdomen, limbs, or patterns such as lion tigers, unicorn, peacocks, etc. to show the meaning of bravery or praying for auspiciousness. The Dai women's clothing is very distinctive, but there are different places. The Dai women in the Xishuangbanna area are generally wearing white, sky blue or crimson tight underwear, and the outside is covered with large or pair of round neck narrow -sleeved short shirts. This short shirt is unique, with thin and long sleeves, close to the arms; the waist of the clothes is thin and short, a small part of the waist is exposed, and the hem is wide and large. Wearing a colorful tube skirt with a long color and feet. In the past, there were a few flowers on the tube skirt and how much flower bars, indicating that the class belongs is extremely strict, and no one can violate it. In this area, women have the habit of wearing shoes, with pointed shoes, shoes and slippers. They usually cut long hair on the top of their heads, insert a crescent comb, and some also wear a flower headscarf. The image is beautiful and beautiful. The costumes of Dehong Dai women are different. When they are girls, they generally wear white or crimson large shirts and trousers, put braids on their heads, and waist with small waists. After getting married, they wearing a pair of shirts and skirts. The hair styles of the Dai women in Dehong are also different. Young women are wrapped their hair to the top of their heads, while middle -aged and elderly women no longer wore their hair, and switch to a black high hat. Women of the Dai people like to wear jewelry. Jewelry is usually made of gold and silver. Most of them are hollow, with exquisite patterns and patterns. Girls often insert a delicate small comb on their heads and wear colorful headscarves. Sometimes we wear a few flowers on your head. The men of the Dai people generally do not wear ornaments, and occasionally they find that there is a shiny silver bracelet on their wrists. Gold tooth inlaid and silver tooth are their preferences. They usually pull the good front teeth and replace them with gold or silver. There is also a striking place for the Dai women's clothing, that is, their waist is a delicate silver belt. It is said that this silver belt is very precious and is passed down from generation to generation. In fact, this is a token. If the girl gives the silver belt to which little guy, it means that she has fallen in love with him.

(1) Different clothes

Mothing clothing and clothing of Dai women in all parts of Yunnan, due to geographical differences, the dressing is also different, but each has its own advantages. From the perspective of clothing styles, it can be summarized into three categories: short skirt type, long dress and long skirt type.

Clothing is the characteristics of the nation, and it shows the customs and customs of various nations and regions. As a cultural symbol, it is also a symbol system for national self -containing system. Its formation and development, accumulation and continuation are all forms of human cultural life -mythology, religion, history, art and other forms Inheritance and development. As the saying goes, "observation and customs" is a major representation of Yunnan's minority clothing culture.

(1) The magic of Shenyu's illusion -Dayao Dai costume

The Dayao Dai people in the Jinsha River Basin have long lived in the Jinsha River Valley and Jinsha River In the area along the coast, its valley terrain is low, and the climate is hot and humid; the unique geographical location and regional culture, religious beliefs, and the influence of the costume culture of the surrounding Yi, Han, and Dai people over the years. Dai clothing has unique cultural connotation and regional characteristics. The Dai people here have long been interacting and exudation with the surrounding nations for a long time. Its clothing styles, cultural characteristics, aesthetic connotations are very different from Xishuangbanna, Dehong, Yuanjiang, and Xinping. They still retain and continue the relics of many Baiyue national culture. According to the records of the Han Dynasty and History Ming Jingtai's "Book of Yunnan Tu Jingzhi", the Qing Kangxi "Wu Ding Mansion", the Qianlong Qianlong "Yaozhou Zhi" and "Dayao County Chronicle" and other books, some of the ancestors of the Jinshajiang Dai people lived in Yongchang, Yunnan ( Today,), some of them were settled from Jingdong to the middle reaches of the Jinsha River and the valley of the river valley during the Tang Dynasty. It was not until the end of the Ming Dynasty that it began to contact the minorities such as the Yi, Bai, and Dai people, and was influenced by its customs, religions, and beliefs. The style still inherits and retains the traditional short skirt style of the Dai women's clothing. It integrates Qi Yi culture and has a certain aesthetic and research value.

Clothing is one of the most vivid and intuitive forms of national culture. Dai clothing has strong nationality and regional characteristics. On the one hand, the people living in the Dai people living in the Jinsha River Basin are restricted by natural conditions. On the other hand, due to the aesthetic taste and the influence of the local Yi culture, the other party has long been used in clothing fabrics. Cotton, hemp, and animal fur and durable, soft and comfortable fire grass fiber plant mixed woven to make clothing or clothing shoulder bags and shoe caps, and with the flavor of mountain forests and the horse -worship pattern contained in Yi culture and totem worship, and representatives of Yi people The traditional octagonal pattern of the traditional yin and yang gossip and the pattern composition of the pattern pattern composition of the animals and plant patterns such as the symbol of Cuckling, the fin pattern of the wicked fish. From the perspective of the styling of the women's clothing of the Jinshajiang Dai nationality, the women's clothing of the Dayao Dai nationality is related to the legendary story of the brothers and sisters as a brothers and sisters for the people and the people.

1. The specific manifestations of the totem worship

The term "totem" originated from Indian language, which means "his relatives", which is a religious belief. Totem worship, also known as totem belief and totem, is the earliest primitive ideological ideology of human beings, and it is also an ancient and universal cultural phenomenon in human history. It produced the early clan system. In the era of totem worship, it is very common to use a pattern or symbol as a totem banner or sign of a clan. Totem can be a certain animal, plant, no biological or natural phenomenon. The believer believes that the clan has a certain blood relationship with the totem, which will become a protective god.

The folk belief as an ancient cultural phenomenon. For thousands of years, its belief has been deeply rooted or involved in social life in many ethnic minorities. Everyone knows that the connotation of folk beliefs in ethnic areas is mainly to seek good luck, avoid evil and disaster relief. As the indigenous nation in Yunnan, the forms and contents of the concept of folk beliefs are in the form and content of Ji Ji in the social life of the Dai people. In short, in today's family of Dai social life, we often see whether it is a belt, a fragrant bag, a brocade, a pair of embroidered shoes, or various gold and silver jewelry. The connotation of body protection. As we all know, the cultural prototypes of many artistic images can be traced back to the totem worship of the original era. For example, fish, frogs, rabbits, tigers and other shapes in folk art image are the relics of the image of the totem worship of the Yellow Emperor. The behavioral ritual of seeking good luck in folk customs is also the development of ancient religious sacrifice, divination, witch culture or faith activity ceremony. Therefore, in the ancient religious beliefs of human beings, animals or plants in the image of totem as the context of the ancestors' backward productivity and the low understanding ability, and the cultural phenomenon given to spirituality is very common and common. It can be seen that the totem worship of the Yunnan Dai people is actually a form of religious belief that combines the worship of animals and plants and the ancestors. Purpose and concepts are full of quaint reproductive worship views and faith.

2. Symbol of natural worship — water worship

In general, natural worship is the worship of a certain natural thing. The natural worship of Dai shows the worship of the water splashing festival and the worship of water, fish, snails, and shell creatures. The Dai people are descendants of the ancient Baiyue people. They have lived in rivers and lakes since ancient times. They have been inextricably linked to water all year round. As a rice -made nation living in the water, it has long lived fishing and planting rice. The Dai family worships water and loves water. Water is a symbol of holy, auspiciousness, and goodness of the Dai family. The traditional festival of the Yunnan Dai people related to natural things is the purpose of the Yunnan Dai people. From the perspective of content and activity, the purpose is mainly to express their hope and longing for a better life by the culture and content contained in the festivals of the Dai people. The form of splashing water prays for prayer, eliminate dirt, eliminate disasters and diseases, and pray for the wind and rain, the rich grains, and the prosperity of human reproduction and prosperity. In short, this method of splashing water or bathing to express the love and worship of the Dai people for water. As we all know, the splashing water festival is actually a folk activity of the Dai people in Southeast Asian countries and the Dai people around Yunnan that enters the rainy season and carnival. Everyone knows that the most solemn, deeper and most meaningful activity content of the splashing water festival is: Worshiping the Buddha before men and women must worship the Buddha before pouring the Buddha, and then to the mascot splashing of the mascot splashing of the mascot of the wood -making drainage of the divine or authority. Only after praying for the traditional customs that can be splashed with each other. The content of folk activities and activities organized by the Dayao Dai Danwater Festival in the middle reaches of Chuxiong Jinsha River is different from the activities of other Dai people in other places in Yunnan. On the seventh day of March of the Dai people in Biwan Biwan, Da Yaowan, on the seventh day of March of the lunar calendar, it is to celebrate the nation -Yi, Yan, and Dai people from Binchuan, Yongsheng, Huaping, Yongren and other places adjacent to the nation. (Splashing Water Festival). The splashing water festival is called "Wo Ba Ji" here. "Wo" means gathered in Dai language, "Bazi" means fish, and "Wo Ba Ji" is also a party of fish. Therefore, the most solemn and sacred activity content of the Dai Piao Water Festivation on the Jinsha River is the "sacrifice fish" ceremony before splashing water. On the day of the festival, people will hold the opening ceremony early in the morning. At the beginning of the ceremony, under the command of an elderly man in the Dai people, two local Dai youths were lifted out of two wooden big fish (one is red, and the other was blue) stood in the center of the splashing venue. Suddenly, the cannon Mingli was solemn. After the three artillery sounded, the man with a wooden fish was around the field for a week. The crowd followed, and under the command of the Dai ethnic group, everyone went to the river to pour water. Then the elderly dipped in water with pine branches and gently spilled on the heads of everyone, blessing auspiciousness, and everyone could splash water freely at this time. After the ceremony, people blew the suona, then carried the wooden fish back to the village, and then played, drinking and singing. Then why do the Dai people here be the beginning of the form of "fish sacrifice" and the special "wood fish" splashes of holy water as the beginning of the splashing water splashing ritual? It is said that a long time ago, the ancestor of the Dai family, Green Worship, was opposed to the aggression of the alien, and died unfortunately. The two brothers and sisters vowed to fight against the enemy's interests and dignity to defend the interests and dignity of the family, but they were captured one after another because they were defeated by the siblings. The Dai people with no heads of Dragon were rushed away from their homes to the side of the Jinsha River. The family of Dai thought that this should always be a place where they were settled. dig up the roots. At this time, the unparalleled Dai family no longer had the strength to escape, and the tired people lay on the beach and waited for death. Suddenly, the clouds were densely set, the wind was soaring, and the river soared, and the lights flashed, and then a roar, people fixed their eyes, the river water retreated, and the cliffs were fixed. However, the Dai family who escaped in the dead found that there was a red fish on Jiangya Stone. The red fish opened his mouth and screamed exhaustedly, "Water, water ..." So the well -known Dai family used a bowl to the river to scatter the water and feed the red fish bite. The red fish opened her eyes, and the folks found that the fish's eyes were the most like Princess Red Girl. Please refer to Pa Nan: "Love Too Flower", Yunnan National Publishing House, 2003 edition, pp. 72 ~ 74. Since then, the people of the Dai people along the Jinsha River coast have in this special way to commemorate the legendary younger brothers and brothers and sisters of the Dai nationality of the red god fish to save the family of the red gods. From this mythical story circulating in the social life of the Dai people, we can see that in this legend, "fish" has gained divinity because of greatness or gratitude to the Dai family, and since then as a kind of Special or transformed mythical image has always penetrated the entire creation process of the Dai people for thousands of years. It occupies a very important position in the Dai people's consciousness. Today, the Dai women who live in the middle of the Jinsha River often use the logo symbolic fish to identify the nation or clan.

3. The story of reproductive worship — Fish worship

The worship of fish. As a cultural symbol, it has a history of use and record in many ethnic groups since ancient times. As a kind of aquatic creature, it refers to the representative of fertility and reproduction in traditional folk culture. The fish's breeding power is very strong, and it can give birth to a lot of life overnight. Due to the constraints and influences of faith, customs, culture and other aspects, the Dai people are particularly prominent in clothing and clothing, original sacrifice, reproductive worship, and festival culture. As a kind of imagination gods that integrate the characteristics of the existing biological worship of each clan in the Chinese nation, it is the protector of many ethnic groups. Its totems are often reflected in the exchange of aquatic creatures such as fish in the folk culture of ethnic minorities, and have become an interpretation and cultural symbol recorded by many ethnic groups in image records. It is derived from the Dai people who have lived on the water since the Baiyue people. As a folk symbolic and multi -child creature, fish has been favored and watched by many women for thousands of years. Fish patterns, women in the early days, were reflected in the decorations such as the unearthed cultural relics of Hongshan Culture and the Yangshao Culture site and the "bird pecking fish pecking fish" and "Pisces" of the Qin brick Hanwa. Mr. Wen Yiduo once pointed out in the "Speaking Fish" that the Chinese ancestors have the style of symbolizing the matching of gender to match the sexual match; and Zhao Guohua further pointed out in "The Theory of Reproductive Worship Culture" that fish is a symbol of female genitalias. Best. It can be seen that today's imagination of rich Yunnan ethnic minorities borrows the connotation characteristics and symbolic characteristics of "fish" to give the totem object "fish" to divinity or spirituality. Reproductive worship is a manifestation of the worship of the mother, that is, the concept of worship of the mother, in real life, and its worship form and content are diverse. The Dai people, the fish, and the fish are the mascots of the Dai family. The Dai people live in the water from ancient times, and the special natural environment is coupled with the reasons that lived in the water all year round and benefited from the water and were harmed from time to time. Reality and sense of worship. Reflected in daily life, the concept of Chongyu always runs through the lives of the Dai family, such as tattoos circulating in the social life of the Dai people, sacrificing fish and fish eating customs, wearing gold and silver ornaments inlaid with fish -shaped patterns Wearing woven embroidery, fish -shaped clothing, shoes and hats, such as the concepts, customs, and beliefs, is the specific reproduction of the ruins of totem worship, that is, fish worship in the real life of the Dai people. As a cultural phenomenon that the Dai people are far away and the first is the purpose of piercing auspicious patterns or totem images on the purpose of utilitarianism. age. In short, the earlier saying is the Yue people who live at the water. When they work "avoiding the harm of the dragon" when they work, the patterns of fish and dragons are used as camouflage. The Dai people believe that the legs of Yilongyeya's scales or water patterns, earthworm patterns such as Yilongye, and the patterns of the legs of Yilong Yilong. The laborers can not only confuse the invasion and harm of the body, but also It reflects the worship of the natives of the Dai people to the totem, the water creature "fish dragon". It can be seen that the ancients avoided the "fish dragon" with tattoos, which not only included the original concept of the ancestors of the Dai people, but also contained the strong primitive reproductive worship of the Baiyue nation. (Yang Dezheng: "The Body in the Machining of the Dai Buddhist Temple", "The theory of Culture of the Dai people", Yunnan National Press, 2000 edition, p. 341.) Dai people in Yunnan have been attacked and retained in the Central Plains due to the influence of the Central Plains culture. The ancient "sacrifice fish", "fish eating", "fish -shaped ships as sacrifice" and wearing "fish -shaped patterns" patterns, etc., are related to fish -related customs and cultural phenomena. For example, the red imitation "fins" pattern prepared with fire grass fiber and wool woven from Da Yao women's dress and waist is used as a record or commemorative story of the siblings that saves the people of the Dai people as the brothers and sisters who are dedicated to the people. Looking at it or worshiping fish from the Daao Dai people, or from the Dai people in different regions, the Dai people in different regions, the Dai clothing of the new Pinghua waist, the women's clothing, etc. In terms of cultural phenomena such as fish -shaped ornaments, decorative items and Gengma Dai children's hats, and the customs of various fish foods, the fish of the fish as a mascot of the Dai people worshiped as a mascot of the Dai people. Concepts are common. Ancient humans connecting fish eating with reproduction stems from the experience of linked food with life. They think that eating fish can get the strong reproductive ability as fish, and the reproductive ability of the fish will "grow" on its own body. In short, in the process of understanding things, the primitive ancestors adopt analogy method and have certain things with the same characteristics, which can be transformed and replaced by each other. Therefore, for thousands of years, due to the influence of the Chinese culture and surrounding ethnic culture in the Central Plains, the use of the Dai women's clothing all over the world in Yunnan has been used in fish patterns and shapes. The cultural connotation of "multi -child and more blessings". Fish and snails are worship of many ethnic groups in Yunnan. As a symbol of auspiciousness, they have always been chased and loved by many ethnic minorities women. According to historical records, the Bai people who lived in Dali and the Yi people of Dayao have also prevailed in the history of wearing black or yellow cotton cloth imitation of "fishtails". And the cultural relic of the worship of reproduction. The Dai women's clothing in the Sijiang River Basin is influenced by its regional and culture. On the composition of the Dai clothing styling, wearing accessories, silver accessories, embroidery, etc. Water, fish and rice work are the connotation of clothing. The cultural symbol of the godfish in mythology runs through the Dai costumes, so as to correspond to the fish pattern and the shape of the silver fish jewelry used on the clothing. A carrier and logo, which means that fish is a symbol of sex and genitals, and is a symbolic accumulation of symbolic significance such as life and creation, death and regeneration.

, as a nation, worship of reproductive culture has been widespread and occurred in all ethnic groups in the world. Reproductive worship, as a reinforcement form of reproductive culture, has lived in a very important position in human history. Reproductive worship comes from totem fertility belief. In ancient times, the sense of physical births, the sensory of the maternity system, and the sexual life after disintegration were the development process of ancient birth concept. These three stages have both the stage of development and penetration and cross, thus forming a more complex fertility belief. (Song Zhaolin: "Chinese Fertility Belief", Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House, 1999 edition, pp. 414 ~ 424.) As Engels said in "The Origin of Family Private and State": "According to the views of historical materialism, the decisive factor of history In the final analysis, the production method and reproduction of direct life. However, there are two types of production itself: on the one hand, the production of human beings, that is, the reproduction of the variety, a certain historical era, and a society in a certain area living in a society under it. The system is restricted by the two types of production. On the one hand, it is restricted by the labor development stage, and on the other hand, it is restricted by the family development stage. "In short, in the primitive society, the development and production of human beings (that is, the reproduction of the variety) The production of data is even more important, and women are more or less responsible for breeding race and childbirth in the society at that time. As one of the most ingrained ideas in the traditional cultural psychology of Chinese people, the ancients of the ancients have always reflected the important position of reproduction. Therefore, in the totem of totem, the spiritual material of the fish pattern into a godfish or the various cultural phenomena of the fish -shaped pattern explains the simple reproductive worship views and faith of the Women of the Dai people. Ancient humans symbolized female yin as fish, first expressing their envy and worship of fish. This kind of envy is not an envy, but an envious of the vigorous reproductive ability of fish; this worship is not an animal worship in the religious sense, but the worship of fish reproduction capabilities. In short, the worship of a sacrifice etiquette produced by the ancient ancestors through the worship of the reproductive ability of the fish is used to pray for the traditional and simple forms of fish festivals, fish eating and other traditional and simple forms of the racial population to express the worship and beliefs of the ancestors' reproductive and beliefs. Essence The core of its worship is to worship its genitals. It can be seen that in the rich patterns of the minority ethnic minorities in Yunnan, each seemingly simple pattern is not created at will. It has undergone the evolution of totems, the convergence of historical factors, plus different aesthetic tastes of each nation, and foreign culture. The influence is formed by integration.

The survival and reproduction is the theme of human beings. I hope that everything is prosperous and developed in nature. It is the goal of human beings forever. Take a variety of meaning and rich connotation patterns, such as flowers, birds, beasts, worm and fish, etc. to decorate clothes, shoes and hats, are not just symbols for decorative beautification of ethnic minorities, but more are the people of the Dai people. It is used to commemorate or pray for peace and disaster, and get the body of the body blessed. In short, this method of direct imitation of objects is a more primitive symbolic form or way of thinking interpretation. People are decorated, often to obtain the "aura" or "protection" of the proposed things in the psychology of "to the same".

(2) The aesthetic connotation of black and beauty -black dai, flower waist dai women's clothing
n n clothing color not only marks a certain ethnic individual, different personality, age, age, age, age, age At the same time, the relationship with the marriage, at the same time, also has the meaning of exorcising evil spirits and praying for good luck. The color, style, ornaments of the Dai clothing show the different aesthetic fun and national character of the Dai family. The connotation of clothing has the logo and nature of regional division and grade differences in a certain social culture. In the types of Dai costumes in different regions and different branches in Yunnan, the aesthetic representation of the cultural concept of black as the beauty as a group is reflected in clothing that can attract people's attention in clothing. Black -dai women's clothing scattered in Wenshan Maguan County and the flower waist -like women's clothing living in Yuanjiang and Xinping, their clothing characteristics are unique, and the color of the clothing is black as the main color, and it is matched with red, green, white and other colors. Supplement. Maguan Black Dai Women's Clothing Regardless of whether men, women, and children, from head to toe, black dress, black, black, black skirts, and black waist. Regardless of the festival celebrations, marriage and funeral, marriage, religious sacrifice and other folklore activities, the Dai women here have sewn it with self -dyeing black soil with self -dyeing and self -dyeing and silver bubbles and silver chains since ancient times. Auspicious, beautiful and adult logo. Regardless of whether the girl is married and married or died of illness, people cannot do without it. As a symbol style, it is not only a sign of identifying the clan, gender, age, marriage, and status, but also has certain standardized functions. It is a history book worn on the body. The Dai family conveyed an agreed collective appearance or symbolic form to all realistic or fictional objects to all real or fictional objects. Now there are some old women in Wenshan still retain the black clothes when they are the bride to "pretend to be old" after death. Zhu Depu: "Wenshan Prefecture Dai History and Culture Trivia", "The Worship of the Dai Divine", Yunnan National Press, 1996 edition, p. 352.

The black and black still black, and its clothing is based on dark fabrics such as black, Tibetan blue, and decorated with red and green fabrics. The aesthetic hobbies are thick, strong, red, red, red Black and clear clothing characteristics are mainly. The traditional Wenshan Maguan Black Dai clothing uses a roof -shaped black cloth hat to wear a collar and placket inlaid in the dignified black atmosphere. The characteristics of their clothing are in sharp contrast to the colorful and colorful clothing of the Dai women in other regions; and the flower waist dai clothing also wears black cloth to wear black short clothes, short gowns, and then go to the black cloth spells skirt, black, black Cloth -legged and other black -themed clothing connotations reflect the aesthetic and cultural connotation of the Dai people. In short, this concept of color with nature, society, and life as a cultural consciousness is sacred, so it is also beautiful.

(3) Jewelry -also the token of love

Ilads is the eternal theme of human beings. Many of the ornaments in the Dai costumes, some of the specific items in the webs, is shoulder bags, lumbar pupa and other portable jewelry. They are often used by the Dai women as to make emotions.

1. Shop

The shoulder bag, traditional folk crafts of Dai people. It is an indispensable daily necessities for men and women, men, women, and children, and they are also exquisite decorations of the Dai women. It has always received the attention of the cultural meaning of shoulders and body. For a long time, because the shoulder bag has the characteristics of convenient use, fine workmanship, bright color, and beautiful and generous craftsmanship, it is popular and welcomed by people. In the Daiwang area, the festivals, rushing the streets, walking in the village village, working, marriage and funeral, etc. It is not only the decorations and necessities of people's lives, but also an item that explains the history, culture, folk beliefs, conveying information and expressing love in the Dai family.

is also called "sac", and the bag is also. It is generally used for high objects or goes out to carry items. In ancient times, it was called "bag", which was a lotus bag, and the predecessor was also called "lotus sac". The earliest lotus sac can be hand -in and back when used, so it is also called "holding a sac" or "cricket". In the future, people gradually felt that it was inconvenient to raise the shoulders and backs, and then hung it on the waist and became a "side sac." The materials for making lotus sacs in ancient times are generally used in leather, so they are also known as "pans". According to "Jin Shu · Deng You Biography": "Deng You dreams of the water, see a woman, the beast breaks his pans since then." It can be seen that during the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there was a bulls around the Wei and Jin dynasties. The beast head pattern is decorated on the Pan Bao, also known as "Beast Head Pan Bao". In the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the pans that people admired were not all made of leather, but also made of silk fabrics. For example, "Old Capital Cultural Relics" reads: "Nine officials sold in Hebaoxiang, crushed golden thorns, and tricks." It is said that this kind of purse was originally used by men to put tobacco leaves. Later Similar effects, regardless of men and women. The ancients have gradually evolved to this day, and have gradually evolved into the shoulder bags and hanging bags that are carried on their shoulders on their shoulders on their shoulders, which have become the necessities and decorations of people's daily life. (Zhou Xun, Gao Chunming: "Ancient Chinese Clothing Customs", Shaanxi People's Publishing House, 1988 edition, pp. 265 ~ 267.) With the adult surprise and joy, the young ethnic minorities who grew up to conclude their feelings and all the love of love. At the same time, it often uses the heart or carefully sewn headbar, hats, shoes, shoulder bags and other things to express love to lovers. From ancient times to the present, the small bags decorated with the body are as large as the shoulder bags, hanging bags, and backpacks, etc., all kinds of national shoulder bags, all of which have interpreted and explained countless romantic and charming love stories. The young men and women who spread in Dehong, Baoshan, Lincang and other places, are in love or about to marry, and give them to those who express their love for love. The "shoulder bag" of auspicious patterns such as peacocks, butterflies, flowers, etc. is deemed to be a symbol of love. Because in the folk custom beliefs of the Dai people, a delicate and auspicious pattern and auspicious patterns with a symbol of beauty and auspiciousness and various texts are not only the exquisite expressions and display of the Dai brocade culture in the Dai people. At the same time, it is also the conditions and standards of the Dai men's choice of objects. It is also a symbol of women's demonstration skills and beautiful performance.

M commonly produced processes made by the Dai people should be made with traditional weaving embroidery with flowers, insect fish, animals, geometric patterns, text patterns and other patterns. Processing such as seams and other processes is completed. Generally speaking, the bags of the Dai shoulder bags in Dehong, Baoshan, Lincang and other places are mostly rectangular or square, and the surface of the bags ranges from 24-28 cm. The surface pattern is often composed of 40 degrees of oblique patterns, diamond -shaped, semi -rhombus, and unspoken grids. The color is mainly yellow, red, green, and orange. The fabric uses the colorful cotton wire, silk thread, or the cashmere Miqinglun wool, hand -woven the four -way continuous pattern with the chess pattern as the basic frame, and uses four -petal pattern, octagonal flower, turtle pattern, crab pattern, elephant, elephant, elephant, elephant, and elephant inside the chess grid pattern Nose lines, elephant lines, butterfly patterns, and peacock patterns have been decorated with geometric abstract patterns.

2. Limba

waist 箩, also known as "seedlings", is a traditional bamboo handicraft of the Dai people (Hua waist) in Xinping, Yuanjiang and other places.

The waist tadpoles are generally about one foot high, the diameter is nearly half a foot, and the shape is mostly a speaker shape. The middle waist is slightly thin. It is a decoration of the Hua waist women's festive celebrations, rushing street assembly, and Xiantian labor for wearing or decorated with the waist. Local, because women are often used by women for sporadic items such as needle lines, coins, cakes, fruits, plus waist buns have small and exquisite and convenient characteristics. String, aluminum string bells and other scattered three -dimensional patterns are decorated with waist tadpoles, so it is also known as "flower waist". Compared with the Dai Tong Pa, which is also stuck in the shoulders, the Dai Hua waist tadpoles, which are full of "fancy" in the body, are also often the token of the young men and women of the flower waist. In short, looking at the Yunnan Dai women's clothing in the Four River Basin, it is not difficult to see that from the cultural connotation of its structural style, clothing characteristics, cultural function, totem worship, reproductive image, etc., the Dai women's clothing is a carrier and the carrier and The external logo of a group not only has the functions of identifying the nation and clan, but also represents the region, customs and culture of a nation. It is a symbol of the people of Yunnan Dai people to show beauty and culture. Today, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the value and cultural function of the Dai women's clothing have no longer depended on a certain thing and things, but they are separated from pure production and living utensils. The significance of changes, history, and myths of the nation gradually given people.

The characteristics of beautiful Dai costumes
The Dai clothing is quite characteristic in national costumes, especially the clothing of the Dai family girl is even more graceful. Women's clothing on the upper body is elegant, the lower body is red and large, and the head is tied, and various flowers, combs or decorations are inserted on the hair, which is basically the same as the past. The difference is that the quality of the material, the variety of color, the style of clothing, etc. have made great improvements.

. They generally like to wear crimson tight vests (with a variety of colors on the chest), wearing tight short tops, round neck narrow sleeves, big plackets, and plackets. There are pale red, pale yellow, blue green, and sky blue; wearing a tube skirt with a tube, the back of the feet, bright and beautiful, most of them are sewn with silk, satin, true, nylon and other materials. There is a fine silver belt on the waist, which is more than an inch wide. Women's clothes and tube skirts are tightly wrapped in their bodies, sketching the body's lines smoother.

Men's clothing, generally wearing a small collarless pair of small sleeve shirts, pants underneath, white cloth, blue cloth, red cloth Baotou. In recent years, there have been small -sleeved shirts with neat or big plackets. The headscarf has been changed to water red, green, pink silk, and pants are still. The youth of the Dai people has always been free to fall in love. The time to fall in love is the days when the autumn harvest is erected. There are many ways to fall in love with the Dai people.
In in China, there are more than one million people in the Dai people. The Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province and the Dehong Dai Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Gengma, Menglian, Yuanjiang, and Xinping County are regions with a concentrated population of the Dai people.
This clothing is light and elegant, which not only pay attention to practicality, but also has a strong decorative meaning. It can reflect the national personality that loves life and the beauty of the beauty. Men's costumes are not much different. Generally, we wear no collar pair or large -sleeved short shirts, with long tube pants, white cloth, red water or blue cloth Baotou.
Mades of women's clothing are different from the region. Xishuangbanna's Dai women have all kinds of tight underwear on various colors, tight -fitting narrow -necked short shirts in the outer hood, wearing colored tube skirts, long and feet, and using exquisite silver waistband skirts; The top, colorful, some (such as Xishi, Yingjiang and other places) wearing white or other light -colored short shirts, trousers under the trousers, and embroidered flowers around the waist. The "flower waist" in the Yuanjiang area, wearing a short shirt, a black skirt, and a colorful cloth strip and silver bubble on the skirt, decorated into various patterns, glory. Various Dai women's clothing can show the beautiful posture of women. Women of the Dai people love to leave long hair. They are on the top of their heads. Some are decorated with comb or flowers. Its beauty is quite chic.

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